RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Degeneration of mitral prostheses/rings may be treated by redo surgery, and, recently, by transcatheter valve-in-valve/ring implantation. This multicenter registry presents results of transcatheter valve-in-valve and repeat surgery for prostheses/rings degeneration. METHODS: Data provided by 10 German heart centers underwent propensity score-matched retrospective analysis. The primary endpoint was 30-day/midterm mortality. Perioperative outcome was assessed according to the Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria. Further, the influence of moderate or greater tricuspid regurgitation (TR) on 30-day/midterm mortality was analyzed. RESULTS: Between 2014 and 2019, 273 patients (79 transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve [TM-ViV] and 194 redo mitral valve replacement [Re-MVR]) underwent repeat procedure for mitral prosthesis/ring degeneration. Propensity score matching distinguished 79 patient pairs. European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II-predicted risk was 15.7 ± 13.7% in the TM-ViV group and 15.0% ± 12.7% in the Re-MVR group (P = .5336). TM-ViV patients were older (74.73 vs 72.2 years; P = .0030) and had higher incidence of atrial fibrillation (54 vs 40 patients; P = .0233). Severe TR incidence was similar (17.95% in TM-ViV vs 14.10%; P = .1741). Sixty-eight TM-ViV patients previously underwent mitral valve replacement, whereas 41 Re-MVR patients underwent valve repair (P < .0001). Stenosis was the leading degeneration mechanism in 42 TM-ViV versus 22 Re-MVR patients (P < .0005). The 30-day/midterm mortality did not differ between groups. Moderate or greater TR was a predictor of total (odds ratio [OR], 4.36; P = .0011), 30-day (OR, 3.76; P = .0180), and midterm mortality (OR, 4.30; P = .0378), irrespective of group. CONCLUSIONS: In both groups, observed mortality was less than predicted. Redo surgery enabled treatment of concomitant conditions, such as atrial fibrillation or TR. TR was shown to be a predictor of total, 30-day, and midterm mortality in both groups.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Isolated redo-mitral valve replacement (iMVR) is underreported and often mixed up with endocarditis in the present literature. The present study compares first with redo iMVR in noninfective mitral disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 3821 mitral valve procedures were analyzed. The study was restricted to isolated and noninfective mitral valve replacements done by sternotomy. Finally, 402 patients are included, consisting of 102 redo- and 300 first surgeries. The mean patient's age was 65.9 ± 10.4 years; the mean EuroSCORE II was 3.0 ± 2.2%. Median follow-up was 221 days, ranging up to 9.9 years with a total of 367 patient-years. RESULTS: Redo's had higher EuroSCORE II (5.1 ± 2.9% vs. 2.3 ± 1.4%; p < .01), more atrial fibrillation (31.1% vs. 46.1%; p = .01), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (7.3% vs. 17.6%; p = .05), coronary artery disease (7.3% vs. 17.6%; p = .03) and more frequently reduced ejection fraction < 30% (3.0% vs. 11.8%; p = .02). Main outcomes showed comparable 30-days mortality (first: 4.1%, redo: 6.9%; p = .813). Postoperative morbidity of the redo's was associated with increased postoperative bleeding (p < .01) resulting in increased transfusions of packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma (each p < .01), more re-explorations (p < .01) and longer primary intensive care unit stay (p < .01). Postoperative occurrence of stroke, respiratory or renal failure, and myocardial infarction as well as hospital stay differed not significantly. Estimated 5-years survival was 65.5 ± 12.3% for all patients with no significant differences between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression respiratory failure as relevant for hospital (odds ratio [OR]: 12.3 [1.1-158]; p = .029) and stroke (OR: 4.8 [1.1-12.3]; p = .021) as relevant for long-term mortality. CONCLUSION: iMVR for noninfective reasons is infrequent and rare. Compared to primary surgery, redo's suffer mainly from bleeding-associated morbidity. This does not translate into prolonged hospital stay or inferior immediate or long-term outcomes. Redo mitral valve replacement can be performed at no significantly increased surgical risk compared with first surgery and the results are particularly not limited by the surgery itself.
